Ngokukhishwa kwemikhawulo ku-Pearl of Petroleum, amathuba obuchwepheshe nemishini lezi bayafika!

I-Venezuela inama-90% ezinsalela zayo eziqinisekisiwe zamafutha ngesimo se-extra-heavy crude, okukhombisa amathuba amakhulu emakethe ezobuchwepheshe nemishini yokubuyisa okushisayo, ubuchwepheshe nemishini yokumba nokuqedela efanelekayo emafutheni anzima, kanye nobuchwepheshe nemishini yokuthuthukisa amafutha anzima.

I. Ubuchwepheshe Nemishini Yokubuyisa Okushisayo

Izinsalela zamafutha e-Venezuela zine-heavy crude enkulu, ezitholakala ikakhulukazi e-Orinoco Belt. Okubalulekile ekukhipheni amafutha anzima kulesi sifunda ukunciphisa ukuminyana kwe-crude nokuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwawo. I-Steam Stimulation ne-Steam Flooding yizindlela eziyinhloko zokubuyisa okushisayo. I-Venezuela yaqala izivivinyo ze-Steam Stimulation kusukela ngama-1960s emikhakheni efana ne-Mene Grande, yafinyelela amazinga okubuyisa angaphezu kuka-25%.

Imishini eyinhloko yokubuyisa okushisayo ihlanganisa:

• Large-scale Steam Generators: Required for continuous production of high-temperature, high-pressure steam, involving significant capital investment and high operational costs.

• Steam Injection Boilers: High-pressure steam injection equipment tailored for heavy oil characteristics.

• Thermal Wellhead Assemblies: Special wellhead equipment resistant to high temperatures and pressures.

• Produced Fluid Treatment Systems: Integrated processing facilities for separating steam, crude oil, and water.

Heavy oil extraction in Venezuela requires substantial natural gas or fuel oil to power steam generators. With the aging local natural gas infrastructure, the efficiency of steam generators and the security of fuel supply have become critical challenges.

II. Drilling and Completion Technologies and Equipment

Ukubhola emgqeni wamafutha anzima ubhekana nezinselelo ezithile zobuchwepheshe:

• Ubuchwepheshe bokubhola obuqine kakhulu ezindaweni ezingajulile (ubujulu bokungcwatshwa buka-800-900 amamitha)

• Ubuchwepheshe bokuqedela ukulawula isihlabathi (ezindaweni ezingazinzile zamatshe esihlabathi)

• Ubuchwepheshe bokubhola nokugcwalisa imithombo evundlile nemiqulu eminingi

• Izinhlelo zamalubri kakhudlwana ezimelana nokushisa okuphezulu

Ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kokutshalwa kwezimali emkhakheni kawoyela ngeminyaka yawo-1990, iVenezuela ayinawo amaqembu asebenzayo emikhakheni kawoyela ancintisanayo nemishini kawoyela, kanti ingxenye enkulu yemishini yokubhola nokugcwalisa isindala kakhulu. Imibiko ibonisa ukuthi njengamanje kunezindawo zokubhola eziyi-117 ku-Orinoco Heavy Oil Belt, kodwa izinkinga zokuguga kwemishini nokubambezeleka kwezibuyekezo zobuchwepheshe zivelele.

III. Ubuchwepheshe nemishini yokuthuthukisa uwoyela osindayo

I-Venezuela njengamanje inezitshalo ezine zokuthuthukisa uwoyela onzima kakhulu, esebenzisa i-coking njengomgomo oyinhloko wokuguqula uwoyela onzima kakhulu ube uwoyela wokwenziwa olula. Imishini eyinhloko ihlanganisa:

• Amayunithi okubola okubambezelekile

• Imishini yokwelapha uwoyela osalile

• Upgrading process towers

• Amasethi omshini wokudlulisa uwoyela osindayo

Isici esithile samafutha asindayo aseVenezuela ukuthi anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-asphaltene ne-vanadium, okubeka izidingo ezikhethekile zenqubo yokuthuthukisa. Ucwaningo ngokusebenzisa ukhokho kawoyela onamafutha amaningi e-vanadium ekukhiqizeni i-aluminium lubonisa ukuthi ukhokho kawoyela osindayo waseVenezuela usengasetshenziswa embonini ye-aluminium ngaphansi kwezimo eziphakeme ze-vanadium kodwa udinga izinqubo ezikhethekile zokwelashwa.

IV. Ukuthuthukisa Ukubuyiselwa Kwamafutha (EOR) Nemishini Yokujova

Ukugcina ukukhiqizwa emithonjeni kawoyela osindayo kudinga izinyathelo eziningi zokuvuselela:

• Imishini yokufafaza (ikakhulukazi ukufafaza okukhulu kwe-hydraulic nokufafaza ngomusi)

• Imishini yokulawula isihlabathi

• Izinhlelo zokujova izinto zokugeleza zamakhemikhali

• Imishini yokumpompa nokujova engcindezelwe kakhulu

I-Halliburton, njengomholi womhlaba wonke emisebenzini yokufakelwa, inezinzuzo ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe emkhakheni wokuvuselela uwoyela osindayo ngemikhumbi yayo enkulu yokufakelwa nemishini yokumpompa.

V. Imishini Yokuqoqa, Ukuthutha, Nokugcina Ebusweni

Ukuthuthwa kukayelokwezi kukayelokwezi okusindayo kwaseVenezuela kubhekene nezinselelo zokujiya okuphezulu nephuzu eliphezulu lokuthulula, okudinga:

• Imishini yokuthutha uwoyela negesi enezigaba eziningi

• Izinhlelo zokushisisa amapayipi

• Amathangi amakhulu okugcina

• Izindawo zokuhlanganisa izinto zokudilusi

Njengoba iVenezuela idinga ukungenisa uwoyela ongahluziwe ukuze uhlanganiswe nowoyela wasekhaya osindayo ukuze uthunyelwe ngaphandle (njenge-bitumen encishisiwe), izindawo zokugcina nokuthutha izinto zokudilusi nazo ziyisimo esibalulekile sokutshalwa kwezimali.

Ukukhiqizwa kukayelokwezi negesi yemvelo akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwemishini yokuhlukanisa.

I-Shanghai SAGA Offshore Engineering Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa e-Shanghai ngo-2016, iyibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe lesimanje elihlanganisa i-R&D, ukuklama, ukukhiqiza, kanye nenkonzo. Sizibophezele ekuthuthukiseni imishini yokuhlukanisa nokuhlunga yemboni kawoyela, igesi, kanye ne-petrochemical. Uhlu lwethu lomkhiqizo olusebenza kahle luhlanganisa ama-hydrocyclone okukhipha uwoyela/okomisa amanzi, ama-desander ezinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu, kanye namayunithi okuhlanganisa. Sihlinzeka ngezixazululo eziphelele ezifakwe ku-skid futhi sinikeza nokulungiswa kabusha kwemishini yenkampani yangaphandle kanye nezinsizakalo zangemuva kokuthengisa. Sibambe amapentente amaningi angaphansi kwethu futhi sisebenza ngohlelo lokuphatha oluqinisekisiwe lwe-DNV-GL ISO-9001, ISO-14001, kanye ne-ISO-45001, sihlinzeka ngezixazululo zenqubo ezithuthukisiwe, ukuklama komkhiqizo okunembayo, ukuthobela ngokuqinile imininingwane yobunjiniyela, kanye nokusekelwa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza.

Yethu ama-desander e-cyclone aphumelela kakhulu, ezaziwa ngesilinganiso sazo esihle kakhulu sokuhlukanisa esingu-98%, zithole ukubuyekezwa okuvela kubaholi bamandla aphesheya kwezilwandle. Zakhiwe ngobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu be-ceramics ekwazi ukumelana nokuguga, lezi zinhlelo zikwazi ukususa 98% wezinhlayiya ezincane njengama-0.5 microns emifudlaneni yegesi. Leli khono lenza ukuthi igesi ekhiqiziwe ingene kabusha ukuze isetshenziswe ekugcwaliseni okuxubile kumalungiselelo anomoya ophansi, isixazululo esibalulekile sokuthuthukisa ukubuyiswa kukaphethiloli kumalungiselelo anzima. Kungenjalo, zingaphatha amanzi akhiqiziwe, zikhiphe 98% wezinhlayiya ezinkulu kune-2 microns ukuze zingene kabusha ngqo, ngaleyo ndlela zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokugeleza kwamanzi ngenkathi kuncishiswa umthelela emvelweni.

Umkhiqizo wethu omusha——I-High Efficiency Ultra-Fine Particle Desander iyidivayisi yokuhlukanisa uketshezi-okuqinile esebenzisa umgomo ophumelelayo we-centrifugal ukuhlukanisa izinto ezingcolile ezintantayo—njengezinto eziqinile emanzini akhiqiziwe, emanzini olwandle, ku-condensate, izinhlayiya ezinhle eketshezini elinamathelayo, kanye nomgqomo we-catalyst kuma-reactor—kusuka eketshezini (uketshezi, igesi, noma ukuxubana koketshezi-gesi). Iyasusa kahle izinhlayiya eziqinile ezinosayizi abancane njengama-micron amabili (ngokuphumelela okungu-98%) noma ngaphansi.

I-High Efficiency Ultra-Fine Particle Desanderiletha ukuphumelela okuphezulu kokususwa kwesihlabathi, ekwazi ukususa izinhlayiya eziqinile ezincane njengama-micron amabili. Le mishini inendawo encane, ayidingi amandla angaphandle noma izithako zamakhemikhali, futhi inomjikelezo wokuphila cishe weminyaka engu-20. Inikeza ikhono lokukhipha isihlabathi ku-inthanethi ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuyeka ukukhiqiza.

Izi-SAGA desanders zisebenza ezindaweni ezinkulu zomhlaba ezisebenza yi-CNOOC, i-CNPC, i-Petronas, nabanye kulo lonke elaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, futhi zifakwa ezindaweni zokubhola kanye nezokukhiqiza. Zihlinzeka ngokususwa okuthembekile kwezinto eziqinile kuwo igesi, uketshezi oluvela emthonjeni, kanye ne-condensate, futhi zibalulekile ekuhlanzweni kwamanzi olwandle, ekuvikelweni komjikelezo wokukhiqiza, kanye nezinhlelo zokujova/ukugcwalisa amanzi.

Ngaphandle kwama-desanders, i-SAGA inikeza iqoqo lobuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa obunconywayo. Umugqa wemikhiqizo yethu uhlanganisa izinhlelo ze-membrane zokususa i-CO₂ kuwo igesi yemvelo, ama-hydrocyclones okususa uwoyela, amayunithi okuhlanganisa aphumelelayo (CFUs), ukususwa kwesihlabathi kuwo igesi yeshali，Iphakethe lokukhipha amanzi eline-cyclonic elokwelapha amanzi akhiqiziwe，futhiama-hydrocyclone anezindlu eziningi, delivering comprehensive solutions for the industry's toughest challenges.