I-Gazprom iqala ukuthuthukiswa okugcwele kwenkundla iChonsk e-Eastern Siberia, enomthamo wama-tons ayizigidi ezingu-2 ngonyaka

I-Gazprom imemezele ukuthi isikhungo sezimbiwa zamafutha iChonsk e-Eastern Siberia singene esigabeni sokukhiqiza amafutha okwezentengiselwano. Isikhungo sokukhiqiza esiqalisiwe kulesi sikhungo sihlanganisa amaphrojekthi ayi-150, okubalwa izikhungo eziyinhloko ezifana namayunithi okwelapha uwoyela oluhlaza, imishayo yamafutha, iziteshi zokulinganisa, neziteshi ezimbili zamandla ezizimele. Uma sesisebenza ngokugcwele, uhlelo luzokwazi ukuhambisa amathani acishe abe ngu-2 ezigidi kawoyela oluhlaza ngonyaka emgqeni wamafutha i-Eastern Siberia–Pacific Ocean (ESPO).

U-Alexey Miller, uSihlalo weKomidi Lokuphatha le-Gazprom, uthe: “Ngokwethulwa kwephrojekthi ye-Chonsk, siqinisa isikhundla sethu ezimakethe zesifunda sase-Asia-Pacific. Sekukonke, sinikela ngomnikelo omkhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukuphepha kwamandla kanye nokuzibusa kweRussia.” Ukuthuthukiswa kweqembu lamathafa kwenziwa yi-Gazprom Neft. Ngaphambili, ukukhiqizwa kukaphethiloli e-Chonsk kwakubhekwa njengokungabi nenzuzo ngokomnotho ngoba izindawo zamahydocarbon zingcwabe ezakhiweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwezinto eziphathelene nomhlaba. U-Alexander Dyukov, uSihlalo weKomidi Lokuphatha le-Gazprom Neft, uphawule ukuthi inkinga yagqitshwa ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi okumodela edijithali, ubuchwepheshe obusha bokukhipha, kanye nokusebenzisana nengqalasizinda ye-Transneft ne-Surgutneftegas.

Ithimba lephrojekthi lasebenzisa amamodeli edijithali wezinto eziphathelene nomhlaba (geological) kanye ne-fluid dynamics ukukhetha izindlela zokuthuthukisa ezisebenza kahle, okuhlanganisa nemigodi ephakeme yobuchwepheshe (high-tech horizontal wells) kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwamanzi okuningi (multistage hydraulic fracturing). Okokuqala ngqa ekugojweni komhlaba eRussia, kwethulwa imishini yokugoba eyenziwe ngamarobhothi, kwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinto ezisebenza ngamakhulu amathathu. Yonke imishini yenqubo yakhiwa kusetshenziswa umklamo we-modular onokwakhiwa okuningi kusengaphambili. Lezi zixazululo zasiza ukuqedela ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda kawoyela eminyakeni emibili, kwadlula isilinganiso semboni.

U-Vladimir Krupenikov, uMphathi Jikelele we-Gazpromneft Arktika, uchaze wathi: “Ngobuchwepheshe beselula, sikwazile ukuqala ukukhiqiza kusenesikhathi futhi sithole izixazululo eziphumelelayo zokuvula izinto ezigciniwe. Izindlela zesimanje zokwakha, ukuguguda, neze-geology, kanye nesipiliyoni sethu esibanzi ekuthuthukiseni izindawo eziyimpahla eziyimpahla e-Eastern Siberia, kusisizile ukuthi siqale ukukhiqiza uwoyela ngokugcwele.” Iqembu lamathafa e-Chonsk lisekelwe emngceleni weSifunda sase-Irkutsk kanye neRiphabhulikhi yase-Sakha (Yakutia). Abaphathi bendawo bakholelwa ukuthi leli phrojekthi enkulu izodala ukukhula komnotho wesifunda. U-Aisen Nikolayev, uMholi weRiphabhulikhi yase-Sakha (Yakutia), ubeke wathi: “Ukuqala kokukhiqiza uwoyela kwezentengiselwano eqenjini lamathafa e-Chonsk kuyisenzakalo esibalulekile emkhakheni wezamandla we-Eastern Russia. Ngiyethemba ukuthi i-Gazprom izophumelela kakhulu esikhathini esizayo, futhi thina, ngakolunye uhlangothi, sizoqhubeka nokunikeza ukwesekwa okugcwele ekusebenzeni kwamaphrojekthi kawoyela negesi ngalo mlingani wezinguquko endaweni yethu.”

Ukukhiqizwa kukagwayi negesi yemvelo akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwemishini yokuhlukanisa.

I-Shanghai SAGA Offshore Engineering Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa e-Shanghai ngo-2016, iyibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe lesimanje elihlanganisa i-R&D, ukuklama, ukukhiqiza, kanye nenkonzo. Sizinikele ekuthuthukiseni imishini yokuhlukanisa nokuhlunga yemboni kawoyela, igesi, kanye ne-petrochemical. Uhlu lwethu lomkhiqizo osebenza kahle kakhulu luhlanganisa ama-hydrocyclone okukhipha uwoyela/amanzi, ama-desander ezinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu, namayunithi okuhlanganisa aqinile. Sihlinzeka ngezixazululo eziphelele ezifakwe ezindaweni eziyimishini futhi sinikeza nokulungiswa kwemishini yenkampani yangaphandle kanye nezinsizakalo zangemuva kokuthengisa. Sibambe izimvume eziningi eziyimfihlo futhi sisebenza ngaphansi kwesistimu yokuphatha eqinisekiswe yi-DNV-GL ISO-9001, ISO-14001, kanye ne-ISO-45001, sihlinzeka ngezixazululo zenqubo ezithuthukisiwe, ukuklama komkhiqizo okunembayo, ukugcina ngokuqinile imininingwane yobunjiniyela, kanye nokusekelwa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza.

I- yethu ama-cyclone desanders aphumelela kakhulu, ezaziwa ngesilinganiso sazo esihle kakhulu sokuhlukanisa esingu-98%, zithole ukubuyekezwa okuvela kubaholi bamandla aphesheya kwezilwandle. Zakhiwe nge-ceramics ethuthukisiwe ekwazi ukumelana nokuguga, lezi zinhlelo zikwazi ukususa 98% wezinhlayiya ezincane njengama-0.5 microns emifudlaneni yegesi. Leli khono lenza ukuthi igesi ekhiqiziwe ingene kabusha ukuze isetshenziswe ekugcwaliseni okuxubile kumalungiselelo anomthamo ophansi, isixazululo esibalulekile sokuthuthukisa ukubuyiselwa kwamafutha kumalungiselelo anzima. Kungenjalo, zingaphatha amanzi akhiqiziwe, zikhiphe 98% wezinhlayiya ezinkudlwana kunama-2 microns ukuze zingene kabusha ngqo, ngaleyo ndlela zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokugeleza kwamanzi ngenkathi kuncishiswa umthelela emvelweni.

Umkhiqizo wethu omusha—I-High Efficiency Ultra-Fine Particle Desander iyidivayisi yokuhlukanisa uketshezi-okuqinile esebenzisa umgomo ophumelelayo we-centrifugal ukuhlukanisa izinto ezingcolile ezintantayo—njengezinto eziqinile emanzini akhiqiziwe, amanzi olwandle, i-condensate, izinhlayiya ezinhle eketsheni elinamandla aphezulu, kanye nomgubo we-catalyst kuma-reactor—kusuka eketsheni (uketshezi, igesi, noma ukuxubana koketshezi-gesi). Iyasusa kahle izinhlayiya eziqinile ezinosayizi abancane njengama-micron amabili (ngokuphumelela okungu-98%) noma ezincane.

I-High Efficiency Ultra-Fine Particle Desanderinikeza ukuphumelela okuphezulu kokukhipha isihlabathi, ikwazi ukukhipha izinhlayiya eziqinile ezincane njengama-micron amabili. Le mishini inendawo encane, ayidingi amandla angaphandle noma izithako zamakhemikhali, futhi inomjikelezo wokuphila cishe weminyaka engu-20. Inikeza ikhono lokukhipha isihlabathi ku-inthanethi ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuyeka ukukhiqiza.

Kufakazelwe emikhakheni emikhulu yomhlaba ephethwe yi-CNOOC, CNPC, Petronas, nabanye kulo lonke elaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ama-SAGA desanders afakwa kumapulatifomu ezingosi zomthombo kanye nokukhiqiza. Ahlinzeka ngokususwa okuthembekile kwezinto eziqinile kuwo igesi, uketshezi lomthombo, kanye ne-condensate, futhi abalulekile ekuhlanzweni kwamanzi olwandle, ekuvikelweni komjikelezo wokukhiqiza, kanye nezinhlelo zokujova/ukugcwalisa amanzi.

Ngaphandle kwama-desanders, i-SAGA inikeza iqoqo lobuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa obunconywayo. Umugqa womkhiqizo wethu uhlanganisa izinhlelo zamamembrane zokususa i-CO₂ egazini lemvelo, ama-hydrocyclones okukhipha uwoyela, amayunithi okuntanta acindezelweyo asebenza kakhulu (CFUs), ukukhipha isihlabathi ku-shale gas, Iphakethe lokukhipha amanzi nge-cyclone elokwelapha amanzi akhiqiziwe, kanye ama-hydrocyclones amaningi, ahlinzeka ngezixazululo eziphelele izinseleleni ezinzima kakhulu zemboni.