Isamba sokuphuma kukawoyela ensimini kawoyela yaseBrazil i-Bacalhau sifinyelele emabhilidini ayizigidi ezingama-25

Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuqala kokukhiqiza emkhakheni waseBrazil i-Bacalhau, i-Equinor iveze ukuthi umkhakha ukhiqize inani elihlangene lamabhiliyoni angu-25 kawoyela ongahluziwe futhi waqeda imisebenzi engu-25 yokulayisha uwoyela ongahluziwe. Umkhakha utholakala endaweni ye-pre-salt ejulile kakhulu ye-Santos Basin futhi waqala ukukhiqiza ngokusemthethweni ngo-Okthoba 15, 2025. Njengoba imithombo emisha yokukhiqiza ixhunyaniswa futhi umsebenzi wokuqalisa uqhubeka, umkhiqizo womkhakha ususondele ezingeni lokukhiqiza elizinzile, futhi kuhlelwe ukufinyelela emandleni okuklanyelwe angu-220,000 amabhodi ngosuku phakathi no-2026.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwesigaba soku-1 se-Bacalhau kuhilela ukutshalwa kwezimali okulinganiselwa ku-US$8 billion. I-Equinor ingumqhubi futhi inesabelo esingu-40%; i-ExxonMobil Brasil inesabelo esingu-40%, kanti i-Petrogal Brasil inesabelo esingu-20%. I-Pré-Sal Petróleo S.A. (PPSA) ibhekele ukuphatha isivumelwano sokwabelana ngomkhiqizo. Insimu itholakala cishe ku-185 km ukusuka ogwini lwase-Ilhabela esifundazweni saseSão Paulo, ngokujula kwamanzi okudlula ku-2,000 m. Isigaba soku-1 sihlela ukusebenzisa imithombo yokukhiqiza nokujova engu-19, futhi umsebenzi wobunjiniyela ohlobene nomthombo wesithathu wokujova usaqhubeka. Izinsiza ezitholakalayo zephrojekthi zidlula ibhiliyoni elingu-1 lamabharethi okulingana nawo kawoyela.

I-FPSO Bacalhau ehambisanayo ingu-370 m ubude futhi ingu-64 m ububanzi futhi isebenzisa uhlelo lokuphehla ugesi lwe-combined-cycle gas turbine, isebenzisa ukushisa okusalayo okuvela kuma-gas turbine ukuze kuphehlwe ugesi nge-steam turbine. U-Equinor udalule ukuthi izinga lokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ngombhobho ngamunye wokukhiqizwa kukawoyela eluhlaza cishe lingu-9 kg ngombhobho, ngaphansi kwesilinganiso somhlaba wonke semboni esingu-17 kg ngombhobho esishiwo yile nkampani. Isikhungo sokukhiqiza siqale sasetshenziswa yi-MODEC, futhi kuhlelwe ukuthi imisebenzi yayo idluliselwe ku-Equinor kamuva.

Kusukela ekuqaliseni, cishe abasebenzi abangama-900 ngosuku bebebandakanyeka ekukhiqizeni olwandle nemisebenzi ehlobene nayo endaweni yaseBacalhau, futhi cishe izindiza ze-helicopter ezingama-3,000 zenziwe zizonke zokuthutha abasebenzi nokweseka imisebenzi yasolwandle. Iphrojekthi inempilo yokukhiqiza ehleliwe yeminyaka engaba ngu-30, futhi i-Equinor ilindele ukuthi wonke umjikelezo wokuthuthukisa nokwenza umsebenzi uzodala cishe imisebenzi engama-50,000.

I-Shanghai SAGA Offshore Engineering Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa e-Shanghai ngo-2016, iyinkampani yezobuchwepheshe ehlanganisa ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa, ukuklama, ukukhiqiza kanye nesevisi. Igxile emishinini yokuhlukanisa nokuhlunga yezimboni zikawoyela, igesi kanye ne-petrochemical. Uhlu lwayo lwezinto luhlanganisa ama-hydrocyclone okususa uwoyela/ukususa amanzi, ama-desander ezinhlayiyana ezincane kanye namayunithi e-flotation ahlangene, kanye nezixazululo eziphelele ezifakwe ku-skid, ukulungiswa kwemishini yabanye kanye nesevisi yangemva kokuthengisa. Inkampani inamalungelo obunikazi amaningi futhi igcina uhlelo lokuphatha lwe-ISO-9001, ISO-14001 kanye ne-ISO-45001 oluqinisekiswe yi-DNV-GL.

Ama-cyclone desander e-SAGA asebenza ngempumelelo ephezulu, aqashelwa abaholi bamandla omhlaba wonke, afinyelela izinga lokuhlukanisa elingu-98%. Akhiwe ngobumba oluhlaziyayo oluthuthukile, asusa u-98% wezinhlayiya ezincane njenge-0.5 microns emisakazweni yegesi. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthi igesi ekhiqiziwe iphinde ijovwe ukuze kusetshenziswe i-miscible flooding emithonjeni yamafutha anokungena okuphansi—okuyindlela ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa ukutholakala kukawoyela ezindaweni eziyinselele. La mavithi angaphinda futhi acubungule amanzi akhiqiziwe, asuse u-98% wezinhlayiya ezinkulu kune-2 microns ukuze ajovwe ngqo, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwe-water-flood futhi anciphise umthelela kwezemvelo.

I-Desander Entsha Yezinhlayiya Ezincane Kakhulu Esebenza Ngokuphezuluiyithuluzi lokuhlukanisa uketshezi nokuqinile elisebenzisa umgomo osebenza kahle we-centrifugal. Lihlukanisa ukungcola okulengayo—okuqinile emanzini akhiqiziwe, emanzini olwandle kanye ne-condensate, izinhlayiya ezincane oketshezini olune-viscosity ephezulu kanye ne-catalyst powder kuma-reactor—oketshezini (uketshezi, amagesi noma izingxube zegesi noketshezi). Libamba izinhlayiya eziqinile ezifika ku-2 microns ngokusebenza kahle okungama-98%. Ithuluzi linikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kokususa isihlabathi, indawo encane yokuma, akukho amandla angaphandle noma izithasiselo zamakhemikhali, isikhathi sokusebenza esingaba yiminyaka engama-20, nokukhishwa kwesihlabathi ku-inthanethi ngaphandle kokumisa ukukhiqiza.

Kufakazelwe emikhakheni emikhulu yomhlaba esetshenziswa yi-CNOOC, CNPC, Petronas nabanye kulo lonke elaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ama-desander e-SAGA afakwa ezindaweni zokukhiqiza nasemapulatifomu omthombo. Aqinisekisa ukususwa okuthembekile kwezinto eziqinile kugesi, uketshezi lomthombo kanye ne-condensate futhi abalulekile ekuhlanzeni amanzi olwandle, ekuvikeleni imifudlana yokukhiqiza kanye nasezinhlelweni zokujova/ukukhukhula kwamanzi.

Iphothifoliyo ebanzi yokuhlukanisa ye-SAGA ihlanganisa amasisitemu e-membrane okususa i-CO₂ kugesi yemvelo, ama-hydrocyclone okususa uwoyela, amayunithi e-flotation ashukumisayo asebenza kahle kakhulu (ama-CFU), ukususa isihlabathi kugesi ye-shale, amaphakethe e-cyclonic dewatering anokwelashwa kwamanzi akhiqiziwe, futhi ama-hydrocyclone anamagumbi amaningi, enikeza izixazululo eziphelele ezinseleleni ezinzima kakhulu zemboni.