I-Dutch SBM Offshore isiqongele imiyalo yezikebhe eziyi-13 zemikhumbi yokukhiqiza ezintantayo

Inkampani yaseDutch yobunjiniyela bamandla asogwini i-SBM Offshore isidalulile ukubuyekezwa kwephrojekthi kwakamuva kohlelo lwayo lokwakha imikhumbi ejwayelekile ye-Fast4Ward. Lolu hlelo lu-ode imikhumbi engu-13 yokukhiqiza, yokugcina nokulayisha ezintantayo (FPSO), kanti engu-8 isivele isetshenziswa noma yethulwe kumaphrojekthi asakhiwayo, kanti eminye emi-5 isakhiwa ezingadini zemikhumbi ezintathu. Le mikhumbi isetshenziselwe amaphrojekthi okuthuthukisa uwoyela negesi emanzini ajulile eGuyana, eBrazil naseSuriname, kanti izingadi zemikhumbi zaseChina zenza umsebenzi wokwakha imikhumbi walolu hlelo.

Uhlelo lwe-Fast4Ward lwaqala ngo-Agasti 2017, lapho i-SBM Offshore yayala umkhumbi wokuqala ojwayelekile kusuka e-Shanghai Waigaoqiao Shipbuilding (SWS) e-China; kamuva wasetshenziswa ku-Liza Unity FPSO yokuthuthukiswa kwe-Liza Phase 2 yaseGuyana. Le yunithi yathola uwoyela wokuqala ngo-Febhuwari 11, 2022, futhi yakhelwe umthamo wokukhiqiza uwoyela ongahluziwe wamabhilidi angu-220,000 ngosuku, umthamo wokucubungula igesi yemvelo ongama-MMcf/d angu-400, kanye nomthamo wokugcina uwoyela ongahluziwe cishe wamabhilidi ayizigidi ezimbili. Umkhumbi usebenzisa idizayini ejwayelekile, enamamojula okucubungula uwoyela negesi angaphezulu ahlelwe ngokwezidingo zokukhiqiza zensimu ethile.

Imiyalo yezikebhe ze-hull ngemuva kwalokho yangena emisebenzini eminingi ka-oyela negesi yamanzi ajulile eNingizimu Melika. Izikebhe zokuqala eziyisithupha zasetshenziswa ngokulandelana kuma-FPSO e-Liza Unity, Prosperity kanye ne-ONE GUYANA eGuyana, kanye nama-FPSO e-Sepetiba, Almirante Tamandaré kanye ne-Alexandre de Gusmão eBrazil. Isikebhe sesikhombisa sabelwa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Whiptail yaseGuyana, okuhlelwe i-Jaguar FPSO, okuhloswe ngayo uwoyela wokuqala ngo-2027; isikebhe sesishiyagalombili sisebenzela iphrojekthi yaseSuriname i-GranMorgu, okuhloswe ngayo ukukhiqiza ngo-2028.

NgoMeyi 2026, i-SBM Offshore yathola izinkontileka ezimbili ze-FPSO kwa-Petrobras ze-SEAP-I ne-SEAP-II, ezihlonyiswe ngezikebhe ezijwayelekile zama-11 nama-12, ngokulandelana. Womabili la mayunithi aklanyelwe umthamo wokukhiqiza uwoyela ongahluziwe wamabharethi angu-120,000 ngosuku futhi ahlelelwe ukulethwa ngo-2031 nango-2030, ngokulandelana, futhi azohlonyiswa ngezinsiza zokucubungula nokuthumela igesi ehambisana nakho. Iphrojekthi yaseGuyana i-Longtail yabelwa esinye isikebhe; i-FPSO ehlongozwayo yakhelwe umthamo wokucubungula igesi yemvelo wamabhiliyoni angu-1.2 ngosuku (Bcf/d) kanye nomthamo wokukhiqiza i-condensate wamabharethi angu-250,000 ngosuku, futhi ukwakhiwa kwephrojekthi okulandelayo kusazongena ngaphansi kwesinqumo sokugcina sokutshala imali kanye nezimvume ezifanele.

NgoJuni 29, i-SBM Offshore yasayina inkontileka yokwakha umkhumbi wesi-13 ne-Shanghai Waigaoqiao Shipbuilding kanye ne-China Shipbuilding Trading Co., Ltd. Umkhumbi, oqanjwe nge-MPF7, uwumkhumbi wesikhombisa wochungechunge olufanayo owenziwa yi-SWS; uklanyelwe ukugcina uwoyela ongahluziwe ongafika ku-2.3 million bbl kanye nendawo yokuhlala yabantu abangafika ku-240. Ngo-Agasti 6, esimemezelweni semiphumela yonyaka ewuhafu, i-SBM Offshore yaqinisekisa ukuthi imikhumbi emi-5 kwengu-13 isakhiwa, kuyo emi-3 isinamaphrojekthi entuthuko ahambisanayo kanti emi-2 ihloselwe ukusekela izicelo zamaphrojekthi angaba amaklayenti.

Ama-cyclone desander e-SAGA asebenza ngempumelelo ephezulu, aqashelwa abaholi bamandla omhlaba wonke, afinyelela izinga lokuhlukanisa elingama-98%. Akhiwe ngobumba oluhlaziyayo oluthuthukile, lawa mayunithi abamba ama-98% ezinhlayiya ezincane njengama-0.5 microns emifudlaneni yegesi. Lokhu kusekela ukujovwa kabusha kwegesi ekhiqiziwe ukuze kusetshenziswe i-miscible flooding emithonjeni yamafutha anokungena okuphansi—okuyindlela ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa ukutholakala kukawoyela ezindaweni eziyinselele. Lawa mayunithi angaphinda futhi acubungule amanzi akhiqiziwe, asuse ama-98% ezinhlayiya ezinkulu kune-2 microns ukuze ajovwe kabusha ngqo, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwe-water-flood futhi anciphise umthelela kwezemvelo.

I-Desander Entsha Yezinhlayiyana Ezincane Kakhulu Esebenza Ngokuphezulu iyithuluzi lokuhlukanisa uketshezi nokuqinile elisekelwe kumgomo osebenza kahle wokujikijela. Ihlukanisa ukungcola okulengayo kuketshezi—uketshezi, amagesi noma izingxube zeketshezi negesi—kuhlanganise neziqinile ezisemanzini akhiqiziwe, emanzini olwandle nasekukhishweni kwamanzi; izinhlayiyana ezincane kuketshezi olune-viscosity ephezulu; kanye nempuphu ye-catalyst kuma-reactor. Ibamba izinhlayiyana eziqinile ezifika kuma-micron angu-2 ngokusebenza kahle okungama-98%. Ithuluzi lihlanganisa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kokukhipha isihlabathi nendawo encane, alidingi amandla angaphandle noma izithasiselo zamakhemikhali, linikeza isikhathi sokusebenza esingaba yiminyaka engu-20, futhi livumela ukukhishwa kwesihlabathi ku-inthanethi ngaphandle kokumisa ukukhiqiza.

Kufakazelwe emikhakheni emikhulu yomhlaba esetshenziswa yi-CNOOC, CNPC, Petronas nabanye kulo lonke elaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ama-desander e-SAGA afakwa kumapulatifomu e-wellhead kanye namapulatifomu okukhiqiza. Aqinisekisa ukususwa okuthembekile kwezinto eziqinile kugesi, uketshezi lwemithombo kanye ne-condensate futhi abalulekile ekuhlanzeni amanzi olwandle, ekuvikeleni umfudlana wokukhiqiza kanye nasezinhlelweni zokujovwa kwamanzi/izikhukhula.

Iphothifoliyo ebanzi yokwehlukanisa ye-SAGA ihlanganisa amasistimu e-membrane okususa i-CO₂ yegesi yemvelo, ama-hydrocyclone okususa uwoyela, amayunithi e-compact flotation asebenza kahle kakhulu (ama-CFU), ukususa isihlabathi kugesi ye-shale, iphakethe le-cyclonic dewatering elihambisana nokuhlanjululwa kwamanzi akhiqiziwe, kanye nama-hydrocyclone anamakhamera amaningi—kuletha izixazululo eziphelele ezinseleleni ezinzima kakhulu zemboni.