isiZulu
Ukuphathwa Okuqinile, Ikhwalithi Kuqala, Isevisi Ekhwalithi, Nokwaneliseka Kwekhasimende
I-CNOOC imemezela: Intuthuko enkulu ekuhloleni i-Bohai!
▲ Umthombo wokuhlola ojulile kakhulu eBohai ukhiqiza ukugeleza kwemvelo yegesi ephezulu ekuhlolweni
I-CNOOC imemezele namuhla ukuthi ithole umthombo kawoyela negesi okhiqiza kakhulu emadwaleni entabamlilo ngesikhathi ibhoboza emazingeni ajulile kakhulu angaphezu kwama-5,000 eBohai, okuyimpumelelo enkulu yaseChina ekuhloleni igesi yemvelo ejulile kakhulu olwandle.
Umthombo utholakala emanzini amaphakathi oLwandle lwaseBohai, eduze neBozhong Sag, okuyisigodi esikhulu kunazo zonke esicebile ngama-hydrocarbon eLwandle lwaseBohai. Uhlangabezane namazinga angaphezu kuka-120 amamitha ezendlalelo eziqukethe igesi yemvelo kumadwala entaba-mlilo, ngokujula kokumbiwa okungamamitha angu-5,770. Ukuhlolwa kubonise umthamo wansuku zonke wegesi yemvelo ongaba ngu-800,000 wamamitha ayisikwele (cishe ama-cubic feet ayizigidi ezingama-28), okubonisa amathuba abanzi okuhlola ezindaweni ezijulile kakhulu zamadwala entaba-mlilo olwandle futhi kuqhubekisela phambili ngamandla inqubo yokuhlola igesi yemvelo eBozhong Sag.
▲ Indawo yokusebenza yomthombo wokuhlola ojulile kakhulu eBohai
Izimo zezokwakheka komhlaba ezijulile kakhulu oLwandle lwaseBohai ziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ukubikezela kwemithombo yamandla kuyinzima. I-CNOOC isithole impumelelo eqhubekayo ekuqondeni kwethiyori yokuhlola uwoyela negesi ejulile kakhulu olwandle, yathuthukisa ngokuzimela ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile bokuhlola kwe-seismic yesithathu enezinhlangothi eziningi zemithombo ebanzi ejulile yasolwandle, yasungula izindlela ezintsha zokubikezela imithombo yamandla yekhwalithi ephezulu ezindaweni ezigqitshwe ngaphansi komhlaba ezijulile kakhulu, yakhomba ngokunemba izindawo ezicebile ngemvelo yegesi ezigqamile emadwaleni entabamlilo ajulile kakhulu e-Bozhong Sag, futhi yathola umthombo wamandla kagesi owomile, yathola impumelelo ebalulekile ekuhloleni igesi yemvelo emadwaleni entabamlilo ajulile kakhulu oLwandle lwaseBohai.
UXu Changgui, uSosayensi Oyinhloko kanye noGeologist Oyinhloko weChina National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC), uthe eminyakeni yamuva i-CNOOC iqhubekile nokuqinisa ukusungulwa kwethiyori kanye nocwaningo lwobuchwepheshe obubalulekile mayelana nokugcwala kukawoyela negesi okujulile kuya kokujulile kakhulu emachibini anokushisa okuphezulu nokunyakaza kwezindawo, futhi ukuhlola ezindaweni zasolwandle zaseChina kufinyelele ukweqa okukhulu ukusuka ezingxenyeni ezingajulile kuya ezingxenyeni ezijulile nezejulile kakhulu. Ukubhobozwa ngempumelelo kwalo mthombo kuvule indlela entsha yokudlala yokuhlola igesi yemvelo ejulile kakhulu yasolwandle, kwandisa isikhala sokuhlola uwoyela negesi okujulile oLwandle lwaseBohai, futhi kunomqondo omuhle wokusheshisa ukuhlola okujulile kakhulu oLwandle lwaseBohai nokwakha isifundazwe segesi esingamathilithoni ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane oLwandle lwaseBohai.
Ama-desander e-cyclone asebenza kahle kakhulu e-SAGA, aqashelwa abaholi bamandla omhlaba, anikeza izinga lokuhlukanisa elingama-98%. Afaka ama-ceramics aqinile angagugi, la ma-unit abamba ama-98% ezinhlayiya ezincane njengama-0.5 microns emifuleni yegesi. Lokhu kusekela ukujovwa kabusha kwegesi ekhiqiziwe ukuze kusetshenziswe i-miscible flooding emithonjeni yamafutha anokungena okuphansi—indlela ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa ukutholakala kukawoyela ezindaweni eziyinselele. La ma-unit angaphinda futhi acubungule amanzi akhiqiziwe, asuse ama-98% ezinhlayiya ezinkulu kune-2 microns ukuze ajovwe kabusha ngqo, ngalokho kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwe-water-flood futhi kuncishiswe umthelela kwezemvelo.
I-Desander Entsha Yokushisa Ephezulu Yokuhlukanisa Izinhlayiya Ezincane Kakhulu iyithuluzi lokuhlukanisa uketshezi nokuqinile elisebenzisa umgomo osebenza kahle wokujikijela. Isusa ukungcola okulengayo okusemanzini—uketshezi, amagesi noma izingxube zegesi noketshezi—kuhlanganise nokuqinile emanzini akhiqiziwe, emanzini olwandle kanye ne-condensate; izinhlayiya ezincane oketshezini olune-viscosity ephezulu; kanye ne-catalyst powder kuma-reactor. Ibamba izinhlayiya eziqinile ezifika kuma-micron angu-2 ngokusebenza kahle okungama-98%. Ithuluzi lihlanganisa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kokususa isihlabathi nendawo encane yokuhlala, alidingi amandla angaphandle noma izithako zamakhemikhali, linikeza isikhathi sokusebenza esingaba yiminyaka engu-20, futhi livumela ukukhishwa kwesihlabathi ku-inthanethi ngaphandle kokumisa ukukhiqiza.
Kufakazelwe emkhakheni ezindaweni ezinkulu zomhlaba ezisetshenziswa yi-CNOOC, i-CNPC, i-Petronas nabanye kulo lonke elaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ama-desander e-SAGA afakwa emapulatifomu omthombo nawokukhiqiza. Aqinisekisa ukususwa okuthembekile kwezinto eziqinile kugesi, uketshezi lomthombo kanye ne-condensate futhi abalulekile ekuhlanzeni amanzi olwandle, ekuvikeleni umfudlana wokukhiqiza kanye nezinhlelo zokujova amanzi/izikhukhula.
Iphothifoliyo ebanzi yokwehlukanisa ye-SAGA ihlanganisa amasistimu e-membrane okususa i-CO₂ kugesi yemvelo, ama-hydrocyclone okususa uwoyela, amayunithi e-compact flotation asebenza kahle (ama-CFU), ukususa isihlabathi kugesi ye-shale, iphakethe le-cyclonic dewatering elinokuhlanjululwa kwamanzi akhiqiziwe, kanye nama-hydrocyclone anamakhamera amaningi—okuletha izixazululo eziphelele ezinseleleni ezinzima kakhulu zemboni.
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